Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA.; Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.
Interventions that decrease mean glucose have reduced rates of micro- and macrovascular complications in type 1 diabetes (T1D). However, the difference in cardiovascular risk between people with T1D and the general population endures, suggesting that factors beyond hemoglobin A1C (HbA1c) normalization drive cardiovascular outcomes.